Dab tsi "biodegradable" txhais tau tias (thiab nws tsis ua dab tsi)
"Biodegradable" technically means a material can be broken down by microorganisms (bacteria, fungi) into water, carbon dioxide (or methane under anaerobic conditions), and biomass. Tab sis daim ntawv lo cim ib leeg tsis qhia koj:
Sai npaum li casQhov kev rhuav tshem (hnub, hli, lossis ntau pua xyoo),
Qhov twg ib puag ncigyog yuav tsum tau (muaj composting, tsev nplooj lwg, av, dej hiav txwv, av nkoj, av av), lossis
Seb puas muaj cov ntawv nyob lossis microplastics nyob twj ywm.
Yog li cov khoom lag luam sau npe "biodegradable" yogtsis cia liIb puag ncig txhim kho - qhov tshwj xeeb teeb meem.
Hom biodegradable plastics
Pla (polylactic acid):Ua los ntawm fermented cog suab thaj. Biodegres hauv qabMuaj CompostingCov xwm txheej (kub thiab av noo), tab sis feem ntautsis uaTxhaum nyob rau hauv lub tsev nplooj lwg, av av, lossis dej hiav txwv sai.
PHA (polyhydroxyates):Microbial polyesters ua los ntawm cov kab mob. Ntawm biodegradable plastics, qee cov qib phua muaj ntau dua rau biodegrade hauvtus sawv cev ua tub rogthiab av ib puag ncig.
PBS, PBAT thiab Blended qauv:Ib txhia yog compostable; Lwm tus yog tsim los ua biodegradable raws cov kev mob tshwj xeeb.
Oxo - degradable / oxo - fragentable plastics:Cov no yog cov pa roj polyolefins nrog cov tshuaj ntxiv uas ua rau tawg. Lawv zoo lithooj rau hauv microplasticsEs biodegrade - haiv neeg cov neeg tswj hwm ntau yam li muaj teeb meem lossis txwv lawv.
Vim li cas cov mob (thiab pov tseg) yog txiav txim siab
Feem ntau biodegradable plastics xav tauTswjhwm mob:
Muaj Nplooj lwg:Siab, txhawb nqa kub (feem ntau ~ 55- Qib, thiab Microbial kev ua haujlwm {2} Muaj ntau tus ntawv pov thawj ntawm no tsis pub dhau lub lis piam mus rau ob peb hlis. Cov qauv xws liASTM D6400, EN 13432, thiabIso 17088Txheeb xyuas cov kev xav tau no thiab dhau / swb.
Tsev Nplooj lwg:Kub hloov pauv tau hloov kho thiab feem ntau qis dua, yog li ntau cov compstantable plastics (piv txwv li, pla)yuav tsis tsaug zognyob rau hauv ib pawg hauv tsev.
Cov av qias neeg:Feem ntau yog anaerobic thiab txias - biodegradation yog qeeb thiab tuaj yeem tsim methane yog organic cov organic decompose anaerobically.
Marine ib puag ncig:Txias, dilute, thiab nrog cov qauv microbial sib txawv -} muaj ntau "plastics uatsisTxawv tsis tau zoo nyob rau hauv seawater, ua rau kev ncua ntev. Pha yog kev zam uas pom tau zoo dua cov tub rog biodegradation hauv qee qhov kev tshawb fawb, tab sis tsis yog txhua yam khoom coj zoo li qub.
Cov ntawv pov thawj teeb meem tsis muaj ntaub ntawv pov thawj- lizels ib leeg tsis
Ib tug ntseeg tauDaim Ntawv Tshaj Luag Tshaj Tawm(Astm, en, ISO) qhia ib qho khoom siv tau qhia meej cov kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb. Tab sis:
Cov ntawv pov thawj yog khi rau tusKuaj ib puag ncig(Muaj composting), tsis yog kom txhua tus tau tiag - NTIAJ TEB CHAW.
Cov khoom tau lees paub tsuas yog ua ib puag ncig ib puag ncigyognws ncav cuag cov chaw tsim nyog. Yog tias tsis muaj kev sau tau yooj yim thiab kev ua tiav, cov txiaj ntsig yog ploj.
Kev Lag Luam Ib Puag Ncig -} cov pob thiab cov tswv yim cuam tshuam
Pros:Thaum sau tau zoo thiab kev sib sau ua ke, cov khoom siv compostable tuaj yeem txo cov ntawv av thiab kev cia siab rau cov khoom siv pob txha (yog tias bio - raws). Ib co biodegradable polymers (piv txwv li, tej yam yuav tsum muaj qhov kawg {{4 4} Qhov txiaj ntsig lub neej nyob rau hauv av lossis tubrog nkoj.
Cons:Kev ua txhaum lo cim npe tuaj yeem ua rau "greenwashing" {{{{}}}}}}}}}} Cov Neeg Siv Khoom yuav raug rho tawm lossis pov tseg tsis raug. Qee cov kev xaiv biodegradable xav tau tshwj xeeb infrastructure uas tseem tsis tau muaj ntau thaj tsam hauv ntau thaj tsam. Oxo - degradable plastics tuaj yeem nce microplastic viedution.
Cov lus qhia tswv yim rau cov tuam ntxhab & Hom
Qhia kom meej kawg - ntawm - lub neej nyob hauv daim ntawv lo.Xeev kom meej meej tias cov khoom lag luam sib xyaw ua ke, tsev comptable, lossis biodegradable nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb.
Siv cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj ntawv pov thawjthiab qhia cov ntawv pov thawj thiab xeem cov qauv ntawm kev ntim khoom.
Kev tsim qauv rau kev sib sau.Ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg sib koom tes pov tseg kev tswj hwm kom ntseeg tau cov dej ntws uas koj muag cov khoom.
Zam zam oxo - degradable thov{{0- Cov Neeg Sawv Cev thiab ntau tus neeg yuav suav suav lawv tias muaj kev phom sij ib puag ncig.
Txiav txim siab rov siv dua thiab txoraws li qhov tseem ceeb; Cov ntaub ntawv biodegradable tsis yog hloov chaw rau kev txo ib leeg -}}} siv cov khoom.
Cov Sij Hawm Sij Hawm sai ua piv txwv (kwv yees & raug cai)
Muaj Nplooj Ntawv Composting (PLA):Feem ntau tsoo hauv30-90 hnubnyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj ntawv pov thawj.
Tsev Nplooj Lwg (PLA):Tautsistag nrho cov hlis lossis xyoo.
Marine ib puag ncig:Ntau cov compstinable plasticstej zaum yuav muaj ntau xyoo; Qee cov qhab nia hauv PHA tuaj yeem ua qhia cov tub ntxhais marine kev lom zem, tab sis kev ua tau zoo sib xws los ntawm cov khoom thiab ib puag ncig.
Cov no yog cov lus qhia txog li ntawm - Qhov tseeb tiag yog nyob ntawm cov khoom qib thiab cov haujlwm hauv zos.